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- Which Cryptographic System Generates Encryption Keys That Could Be Used With Des
- Which Cryptography System Generates Encryption Keys Windows 10
Applies to
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- Windows 10
This security policy reference topic for the IT professional describes the best practices, location, values, policy management and security considerations for this policy setting.
Reference
The Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 140 is a security implementation that is designed for certifying cryptographic software. Windows implements these certified algorithms to meet the requirements and standards for cryptographic modules for use by departments and agencies of theUnited States federal government.
TLS/SSL
This policy setting determines whether the TLS/SSL security provider supports only the FIPS-compliant strong cipher suite known as TLS_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA, which means that the provider only supports the TLS protocol as a client computer and as a server, if applicable. It uses only theTriple Data Encryption Standard (3DES) encryption algorithm for the TLS traffic encryption, only the Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA) public key algorithm for the TLS key exchange and authentication, and only the Secure Hash Algorithm version 1 (SHA-1) hashing algorithm for the TLS hashing requirements.
Encrypting File System (EFS)
For the EFS service, this policy setting supports the 3DES and Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) encryption algorithms for encrypting file data supported by the NTFS file system. To encrypt file data, by default EFS uses the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm with a 256-bit key in the Windows Server 2003, Windows Vista, and later, and it uses a DESX algorithm in Windows XP.
Remote Desktop Services (RDS)
If you're using Remote Desktop Services, this policy setting should only be enabled if the 3DES encryption algorithm is supported.
BitLocker
For BitLocker, this policy setting needs to be enabled before any encryption key is generated.Recovery passwords created on Windows Server 2012 R2 and Windows 8.1 and later when this policy is enabled are incompatible with BitLocker on operating systems prior to Windows Server 2012 R2 and Windows 8.1; BitLocker will prevent the creation or use of recovery passwords on these systems, so recovery keys should be used instead.Additionally, if a data drive is password-protected, it can be accessed by a FIPS-compliant computer after the password is supplied, but the drive will be read-only.
Possible values
- Enabled
- Disabled
- Not defined
Best practices
There are no best practices for this setting. Our previous guidance had recommended a setting of Enabled, primarily to align with US Federal government recommendations. Windows security baselines recommend this setting be Not Defined, meaning that we leave the decision to customers. For a deeper explanation, see Why We’re Not Recommending “FIPS Mode” Anymore.
Location
Computer ConfigurationWindows SettingsSecurity SettingsLocal PoliciesSecurity Options
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Default values
The following table lists the actual and effective default values for this policy. Default values are also listed on the policy’s property page.
| Server type or GPO | Default value |
|---|---|
| Default Domain Policy | Not defined |
| Default Domain Controller Policy | Not defined |
| Stand-Alone Server Default Settings | Disabled |
| DC Effective Default Settings | Disabled |
| Member Server Effective Default Settings | Disabled |
| Client Computer Effective Default Settings | Disabled |
Operating system version differences
When this setting is enabled, the Encrypting File System (EFS) service supports only the Triple DES encryption algorithm for encrypting file data. By default, the Windows Vista and the Windows Server 2003 implementation of EFS uses the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) with a 256-bit key. The Windows XP implementation uses DESX.
Which Cryptographic System Generates Encryption Keys That Could Be Used With Des
When this setting is enabled, BitLocker generates recovery password or recovery keys applicable to versions listed in the following:
| Operating systems | Applicability |
|---|---|
| Windows 10, Windows 8.1, and Windows Server 2012 R2 | When created on these operating systems, the recovery password cannot be used on other systems listed in this table. |
| Windows Server 2012 and Windows 8 | When created on these operating systems, the recovery key can be used on other systems listed in this table as well. |
| Windows Server 2008 R2 and Windows 7 | When created on these operating systems, the recovery key can be used on other systems listed in this table as well. |
| Windows Server 2008 and Windows Vista | When created on these operating systems, the recovery key can be used on other systems listed in this table as well. |
Policy management
This section describes features and tools that are available to help you manage this policy.
Restart requirement
None. Changes to this policy become effective without a device restart when they are saved locally or distributed through Group Policy.
Group Policy
Setting and deploying this policy using Group Policy takes precedence over the setting on the local device. If the Group Policy is set to Not Configured, local settings will apply.
Security considerations
This section describes how an attacker might exploit a feature or its configuration, how to implement the countermeasure, and the possible negative consequences of countermeasure implementation.
Vulnerability
You can enable this policy setting to ensure that the device uses the most powerful algorithms that are available for digital encryption, hashing, and signing. Use of these algorithms minimize the risk of compromise of digitally encrypted or signed data by an unauthorized user.
Countermeasure
Enable the System cryptography: Use FIPS compliant algorithms for encryption, hashing, and signing setting.
Potential impact
Client devices that have this policy setting enabled cannot communicate by means of digitally encrypted or signed protocols with servers that do not support these algorithms. Network clients that do not support these algorithms cannot use servers that require them for network communications. For example, many Apache-based Web servers are not configured to support TLS. If you enable this setting, you must also configure Internet Explorer® to use TLS. This policy setting also affects the encryption level that is used for the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP). The Remote Desktop Connection tooluses the RDP protocol to communicate with servers that run Terminal Services and client computers that are configured for remote control; RDP connections fail if both devices are not configured to use the same encryption algorithms.
Related topics
-->定义
使用 RSA 算法加密数据。Encrypts data with the RSA algorithm.
Which Cryptography System Generates Encryption Keys Windows 10
重载
| Encrypt(Byte[], Boolean) | 使用 RSA 算法加密数据。Encrypts data with the RSA algorithm. |
| Encrypt(Byte[], RSAEncryptionPadding) | 使用指定的填充，借助 RSA 算法对数据加密。Encrypts data with the RSA algorithm using the specified padding. |
使用 RSA 算法加密数据。Encrypts data with the RSA algorithm.
参数
- fOAEP
- Boolean
如果为 true，则使用 OAEP 填充（仅可用于运行 Windows XP 及更高版本的计算机）执行直接 RSA 加密；否则，如果为 false，则使用 PKCS#1 v1.5 填充。true to perform direct RSA encryption using OAEP padding (only available on a computer running Windows XP or later); otherwise, false to use PKCS#1 v1.5 padding.
返回
已加密的数据。The encrypted data.
例外
无法获取加密服务提供程序 (CSP)。The cryptographic service provider (CSP) cannot be acquired.
- 或 --or-rgb 参数的长度大于允许的最大长度。The length of the rgb parameter is greater than the maximum allowed length.
rgb 为 null。rgb is null.
示例
下面的代码示例将 RSACryptoServiceProvider 对象初始化为公钥（由另一方发送）的值，使用 RijndaelManaged 算法生成会话密钥，然后使用 RSACryptoServiceProvider 对象对会话密钥进行加密。The following code example initializes an RSACryptoServiceProvider object to the value of a public key (sent by another party), generates a session key using the RijndaelManaged algorithm, and then encrypts the session key using the RSACryptoServiceProvider object.使用此方案时，可以将会话密钥发回到专用 RSA 密钥的所有者，并且双方都可以使用会话密钥来交换加密的数据。Using this scheme, the session key could be sent back to the owner of the private RSA key and the two parties could use the session key to exchange encrypted data.
注解
下表描述了不同版本的 Microsoft Windows 支持的填充，以及操作系统和填充的不同组合所允许的 rgb 的最大长度。The following table describes the padding supported by different versions of Microsoft Windows and the maximum length of rgb allowed by the different combinations of operating systems and padding.
| 填充Padding | Rgb 参数的最大长度Maximum Length of rgb Parameter |
|---|---|
| OAEP 填充（PKCS # 1 v2）OAEP padding (PKCS#1 v2) | 模数大小-2-2 * hLen，其中 hLen 是哈希的大小。Modulus size -2 -2*hLen, where hLen is the size of the hash. |
| 直接加密（PKCS # 1 1.5 版）Direct Encryption (PKCS#1 v1.5) | 模数大小-11。Modulus size - 11.（11个字节是可能的最小填充。）(11 bytes is the minimum padding possible.) |
使用 Decrypt 解密此方法的结果。Use Decrypt to decrypt the results of this method.
另请参阅
使用指定的填充，借助 RSA 算法对数据加密。Encrypts data with the RSA algorithm using the specified padding.
参数
- padding
- RSAEncryptionPadding
填充。The padding.
返回
已加密的数据。The encrypted data.
例外
data 为 null。data is null.
- 或 --or-padding 为 null。padding is null.
不支持该填充模式。The padding mode is not supported.
注解
padding 必须是 RSAEncryptionPadding.Pkcs1 或 RSAEncryptionPadding.OaepSHA1。padding must be either RSAEncryptionPadding.Pkcs1 or RSAEncryptionPadding.OaepSHA1.